Les muestro un programa que hice en CCS, ya que la libreria KBD.C no podemos acoplarla para utilizarla en el mismo puerto B que el LCD.C utilice otra libreria Keypad.C. Abajo les adjunto el .rar donde esta el programa en CCS y tambien la simulacion en proteus (cambiar el keypad del simulador o la matriz en el keypad.c para corregir los botones). La unica duda que tengo en este programa es que como todos sabemos las interrupciones en CCS no se cierran pero borrando el flag RBIF si lo hace el compilador, pero en mi programa vuelve a abrir la interrupcion un par de veces (lo comprobé en el simulador mostrando un contador en el lcd) a pesar que bombardie por todos lados con bit_clear(INTCON,0), coloque delays y seguía la interrupcion unas cuantas veces y de ahi se deshabilitada recién, lo solucioné colocando en el programa principal antes que se reinice el while: PORTB=0xF0; que hace que el puerto b no cambie de valor para que no lo detecte la interrupción. Se los dejo para ver si alguien puede mejorarlo.
Programa Principal:
Libreria LCD.C
Libreria Keypad.C
Programa Principal:
Código:
//Programador: Manuel Andreé Espinoza Rosas
#include <16F628a.h> // Preprocessor directive that selects the chip
#fuses XT,NOWDT,NOPROTECT,NOLVP // Preprocessor directive that defines the chip fuses
#use delay(clock=4000000) // Preprocessor directive that specifies clock speed
#include <lcd.c>
#include <keypad.c> //Libreria de teclado 4x4
unsigned char key; //Variable global tecla
int status;
// Interrupcion RB4 - RB7 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#INT_RB
void interrupt_keypad()
{
key=read_keypad(); //Asigna la tecla pulsada
}
// Programa Principal /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void main()
{
key=0x80;
lcd_init();
lcd_putc("Presione tecla:");
while(true)
{
init_keypad();
if(key!=0x80)
{
lcd_init();
lcd_putc('\f'); //
lcd_gotoxy(1,1); //Visualiza en el lcd
lcd_putc("Tecla pulsada: ");
lcd_putc(key); //
PORTB=0xF0;
key=0x80;
}
}
}
Libreria LCD.C
Código:
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// LCD.C ////
//// Driver for common LCD modules ////
//// ////
//// lcd_init() Must be called before any other function. ////
//// ////
//// lcd_putc(c) Will display c on the next position of the LCD. ////
//// The following have special meaning: ////
//// \f Clear display ////
//// \n Go to start of second line ////
//// \b Move back one position ////
//// ////
//// lcd_gotoxy(x,y) Set write position on LCD (upper left is 1,1) ////
//// ////
//// lcd_getc(x,y) Returns character at position x,y on LCD ////
//// ////
//// CONFIGURATION ////
//// The LCD can be configured in one of two ways: a.) port access or ////
//// b.) pin access. Port access requires the entire 7 bit interface ////
//// connected to one GPIO port, and the data bits (D4:D7 of the LCD) ////
//// connected to sequential pins on the GPIO. Pin access ////
//// has no requirements, all 7 bits of the control interface can ////
//// can be connected to any GPIO using several ports. ////
//// ////
//// To use port access, #define LCD_DATA_PORT to the SFR location of ////
//// of the GPIO port that holds the interface, -AND- edit LCD_PIN_MAP ////
//// of this file to configure the pin order. If you are using a ////
//// baseline PIC (PCB), then LCD_OUTPUT_MAP and LCD_INPUT_MAP also must ////
//// be defined. ////
//// ////
//// Example of port access: ////
//// #define LCD_DATA_PORT getenv("SFR:PORTD") ////
//// ////
//// To use pin access, the following pins must be defined: ////
//// LCD_ENABLE_PIN ////
//// LCD_RS_PIN ////
//// LCD_RW_PIN ////
//// LCD_DATA4 ////
//// LCD_DATA5 ////
//// LCD_DATA6 ////
//// LCD_DATA7 ////
//// ////
//// Example of pin access: ////
//// #define LCD_ENABLE_PIN PIN_E0 ////
//// #define LCD_RS_PIN PIN_E1 ////
//// #define LCD_RW_PIN PIN_E2 ////
//// #define LCD_DATA4 PIN_D4 ////
//// #define LCD_DATA5 PIN_D5 ////
//// #define LCD_DATA6 PIN_D6 ////
//// #define LCD_DATA7 PIN_D7 ////
//// ////
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// (C) Copyright 1996,2010 Custom Computer Services ////
//// This source code may only be used by licensed users of the CCS C ////
//// compiler. This source code may only be distributed to other ////
//// licensed users of the CCS C compiler. No other use, reproduction ////
//// or distribution is permitted without written permission. ////
//// Derivative programs created using this software in object code ////
//// form are not restricted in any way. ////
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// define the pinout.
#define LCD_ENABLE_PIN PIN_A2 ////
#define LCD_RS_PIN PIN_A0 ////
#define LCD_RW_PIN PIN_A1 ////
#define LCD_DATA4 PIN_B4 ////
#define LCD_DATA5 PIN_B5 ////
#define LCD_DATA6 PIN_B6 ////
#define LCD_DATA7 PIN_B7
// only required if port access is being used.
typedef struct
{ // This structure is overlayed
BOOLEAN enable; // on to an I/O port to gain
BOOLEAN rs; // access to the LCD pins.
BOOLEAN rw; // The bits are allocated from
BOOLEAN unused; // low order up. ENABLE will
int data : 4; // be LSB pin of that port.
#if defined(__PCD__) // The port used will be LCD_DATA_PORT.
int reserved: 8;
#endif
} LCD_PIN_MAP;
// this is to improve compatability with previous LCD drivers that accepted
// a define labeled 'use_portb_lcd' that configured the LCD onto port B.
#if ((defined(use_portb_lcd)) && (use_portb_lcd==TRUE))
#define LCD_DATA_PORT getenv("SFR:PORTB")
#endif
#if defined(__PCB__)
// these definitions only need to be modified for baseline PICs.
// all other PICs use LCD_PIN_MAP or individual LCD_xxx pin definitions.
/* EN, RS, RW, UNUSED, DATA */
const LCD_PIN_MAP LCD_OUTPUT_MAP = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
const LCD_PIN_MAP LCD_INPUT_MAP = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0xF};
#endif
////////////////////// END CONFIGURATION ///////////////////////////////////
#ifndef LCD_ENABLE_PIN
#define lcd_output_enable(x) lcdlat.enable=x
#define lcd_enable_tris() lcdtris.enable=0
#else
#define lcd_output_enable(x) output_bit(LCD_ENABLE_PIN, x)
#define lcd_enable_tris() output_drive(LCD_ENABLE_PIN)
#endif
#ifndef LCD_RS_PIN
#define lcd_output_rs(x) lcdlat.rs=x
#define lcd_rs_tris() lcdtris.rs=0
#else
#define lcd_output_rs(x) output_bit(LCD_RS_PIN, x)
#define lcd_rs_tris() output_drive(LCD_RS_PIN)
#endif
#ifndef LCD_RW_PIN
#define lcd_output_rw(x) lcdlat.rw=x
#define lcd_rw_tris() lcdtris.rw=0
#else
#define lcd_output_rw(x) output_bit(LCD_RW_PIN, x)
#define lcd_rw_tris() output_drive(LCD_RW_PIN)
#endif
// original version of this library incorrectly labeled LCD_DATA0 as LCD_DATA4,
// LCD_DATA1 as LCD_DATA5, and so on. this block of code makes the driver
// compatible with any code written for the original library
#if (defined(LCD_DATA0) && defined(LCD_DATA1) && defined(LCD_DATA2) && defined(LCD_DATA3) && !defined(LCD_DATA4) && !defined(LCD_DATA5) && !defined(LCD_DATA6) && !defined(LCD_DATA7))
#define LCD_DATA4 LCD_DATA0
#define LCD_DATA5 LCD_DATA1
#define LCD_DATA6 LCD_DATA2
#define LCD_DATA7 LCD_DATA3
#endif
#ifndef LCD_DATA4
#ifndef LCD_DATA_PORT
#if defined(__PCB__)
#define LCD_DATA_PORT 0x06 //portb
#define set_tris_lcd(x) set_tris_b(x)
#else
#if defined(PIN_D0)
#define LCD_DATA_PORT getenv("SFR:PORTD") //portd
#else
#define LCD_DATA_PORT getenv("SFR:PORTB") //portb
#endif
#endif
#endif
#if defined(__PCB__)
LCD_PIN_MAP lcd, lcdlat;
#byte lcd = LCD_DATA_PORT
#byte lcdlat = LCD_DATA_PORT
#elif defined(__PCM__)
LCD_PIN_MAP lcd, lcdlat, lcdtris;
#byte lcd = LCD_DATA_PORT
#byte lcdlat = LCD_DATA_PORT
#byte lcdtris = LCD_DATA_PORT+0x80
#elif defined(__PCH__)
LCD_PIN_MAP lcd, lcdlat, lcdtris;
#byte lcd = LCD_DATA_PORT
#byte lcdlat = LCD_DATA_PORT+9
#byte lcdtris = LCD_DATA_PORT+0x12
#elif defined(__PCD__)
LCD_PIN_MAP lcd, lcdlat, lcdtris;
#word lcd = LCD_DATA_PORT
#word lcdlat = LCD_DATA_PORT+2
#word lcdtris = LCD_DATA_PORT-0x02
#endif
#endif //LCD_DATA4 not defined
#ifndef LCD_TYPE
#define LCD_TYPE 2 // 0=5x7, 1=5x10, 2=2 lines
#endif
#ifndef LCD_LINE_TWO
#define LCD_LINE_TWO 0x40 // LCD RAM address for the second line
#endif
BYTE const LCD_INIT_STRING[4] = {0x20 | (LCD_TYPE << 2), 0xc, 1, 6};
// These bytes need to be sent to the LCD
// to start it up.
BYTE lcd_read_nibble(void);
BYTE lcd_read_byte(void)
{
BYTE low,high;
#if defined(__PCB__)
set_tris_lcd(LCD_INPUT_MAP);
#else
#if (defined(LCD_DATA4) && defined(LCD_DATA5) && defined(LCD_DATA6) && defined(LCD_DATA7))
output_float(LCD_DATA4);
output_float(LCD_DATA5);
output_float(LCD_DATA6);
output_float(LCD_DATA7);
#else
lcdtris.data = 0xF;
#endif
#endif
lcd_output_rw(1);
delay_cycles(1);
lcd_output_enable(1);
delay_cycles(1);
high = lcd_read_nibble();
lcd_output_enable(0);
delay_cycles(1);
lcd_output_enable(1);
delay_us(1);
low = lcd_read_nibble();
lcd_output_enable(0);
#if defined(__PCB__)
set_tris_lcd(LCD_INPUT_MAP);
#else
#if (defined(LCD_DATA4) && defined(LCD_DATA5) && defined(LCD_DATA6) && defined(LCD_DATA7))
output_drive(LCD_DATA4);
output_drive(LCD_DATA5);
output_drive(LCD_DATA6);
output_drive(LCD_DATA7);
#else
lcdtris.data = 0x0;
#endif
#endif
return( (high<<4) | low);
}
BYTE lcd_read_nibble(void)
{
#if (defined(LCD_DATA4) && defined(LCD_DATA5) && defined(LCD_DATA6) && defined(LCD_DATA7))
BYTE n = 0x00;
/* Read the data port */
n |= input(LCD_DATA4);
n |= input(LCD_DATA5) << 1;
n |= input(LCD_DATA6) << 2;
n |= input(LCD_DATA7) << 3;
return(n);
#else
return(lcd.data);
#endif
}
void lcd_send_nibble(BYTE n)
{
#if (defined(LCD_DATA4) && defined(LCD_DATA5) && defined(LCD_DATA6) && defined(LCD_DATA7))
/* Write to the data port */
output_bit(LCD_DATA4, bit_test(n, 0));
output_bit(LCD_DATA5, bit_test(n, 1));
output_bit(LCD_DATA6, bit_test(n, 2));
output_bit(LCD_DATA7, bit_test(n, 3));
#else
lcdlat.data = n;
#endif
delay_cycles(1);
lcd_output_enable(1);
delay_us(2);
lcd_output_enable(0);
}
void lcd_send_byte(BYTE address, BYTE n)
{
lcd_enable_tris();
lcd_rs_tris();
lcd_rw_tris();
lcd_output_rs(0);
while ( bit_test(lcd_read_byte(),7) ) ;
lcd_output_rs(address);
delay_cycles(1);
lcd_output_rw(0);
delay_cycles(1);
lcd_output_enable(0);
lcd_send_nibble(n >> 4);
lcd_send_nibble(n & 0xf);
}
void lcd_init(void)
{
BYTE i;
#if defined(__PCB__)
set_tris_lcd(LCD_OUTPUT_MAP);
#else
#if (defined(LCD_DATA4) && defined(LCD_DATA5) && defined(LCD_DATA6) && defined(LCD_DATA7))
output_drive(LCD_DATA4);
output_drive(LCD_DATA5);
output_drive(LCD_DATA6);
output_drive(LCD_DATA7);
#else
lcdtris.data = 0x0;
#endif
lcd_enable_tris();
lcd_rs_tris();
lcd_rw_tris();
#endif
lcd_output_rs(0);
lcd_output_rw(0);
lcd_output_enable(0);
delay_ms(15);
for(i=1;i<=3;++i)
{
lcd_send_nibble(3);
delay_ms(5);
}
lcd_send_nibble(2);
for(i=0;i<=3;++i)
lcd_send_byte(0,LCD_INIT_STRING[i]);
}
void lcd_gotoxy(BYTE x, BYTE y)
{
BYTE address;
if(y!=1)
address=LCD_LINE_TWO;
else
address=0;
address+=x-1;
lcd_send_byte(0,0x80|address);
}
void lcd_putc(char c)
{
switch (c)
{
case '\f' : lcd_send_byte(0,1); //borrar lcd
delay_ms(2);
break;
case '\n' : lcd_gotoxy(1,2); break; //enter
case '\b' : lcd_send_byte(0,0x10); break; //derecha
case '\r' : lcd_send_byte(0,0x14); break; //izquierda
default : lcd_send_byte(1,c); break;
}
}
char lcd_getc(BYTE x, BYTE y)
{
char value;
lcd_gotoxy(x,y);
while ( bit_test(lcd_read_byte(),7) ); // wait until busy flag is low
lcd_output_rs(1);
value = lcd_read_byte();
lcd_output_rs(0);
return(value);
}
int lcd_getint(BYTE x, BYTE y)
{
int value;
lcd_gotoxy(x,y);
while ( bit_test(lcd_read_byte(),7) ); // wait until busy flag is low
lcd_output_rs(1);
value = lcd_read_byte();
lcd_output_rs(0);
switch(value) {
case '0': value=0;
break;
case '1': value=1;
break;
case '2': value=2;
break;
case '3': value=3;
break;
case '4': value=4;
break;
case '5': value=5;
break;
case '6': value=6;
break;
case '7': value=7;
break;
case '8': value=8;
break;
case '9': value=9;
break;
}
return(value);
}
Libreria Keypad.C
Código:
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// keypad.c ////
//// Driver para teclado 4x4 generico ////
//// ////
//// init_keypad() Debe llamarse desde el programa principal ////
//// antes de cualquier funcion ////
//// ////
//// scan_keypad() Función de escaneo de teclado segun ////
//// la matriz de teclado ////
//// ////
//// read_keypad() Encuentra la tecla por el metodo de inversion ////
//// de puerto, espera a que se deje de pulsar y ////
//// retorna. ////
//// ////
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// (C) Copyright 1996,2009 Custom Computer Services ////
//// This source code may only be used by licensed users of the CCS C ////
//// compiler. This source code may only be distributed to other ////
//// licensed users of the CCS C compiler. No other use, reproduction ////
//// or distribution is permitted without written permission. ////
//// Derivative programs created using this software in object code ////
//// form are not restricted in any way. ////
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////
//// RB4 RB5 RB6 RB7
//// ^ ^ ^ ^
//// | | | |
//// |---|---|---|---| El teclado se conecta sin
//// RB0 ---> | 1 | 2 | 3 | A | necesedad de resistencias ya
//// |---|---|---|---| que tiene las resistencias de
//// RB1 ---> | 4 | 5 | 6 | B | pull-up activadas
//// |---|---|---|---|
//// RB1 ---> | 7 | 8 | 9 | C |
//// |---|---|---|---|
//// RB3 ---> | * | 0 | # | D |
//// |---|---|---|---|
////
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Direcciones de los registros segun PDF del pic 16fXXX
#byte PORTB=0x06 //Pic 16f877a
#byte TRISB=0x86 //
#byte INTCON=0x0B
void init_keypad()
{
TRISB=0xF0;
port_b_pullups (TRUE); //Habilita pull-up internos del puerto B
PORTB=0xF0;
enable_interrupts(INT_RB); // Habilita la interrupcion del puerto B ( RB4 - RB7).
enable_interrupts(GLOBAL); // Habilita las interrupciones globales.
}
unsigned char scan_keypad()
{
unsigned char i=0,j=0,PORT,PORTH,PORTL,PH,PL,key;
//Matriz de teclado
char keypad[4][4] = { {'1','2','3','A'},
{'4','5','6','B'},
{'7','8','9','C'},
{'E','0','F','D'} };
PORT=PORTB;
PORTH=PORT&0xF0;
PORTL=PORT&0x0F;
for(j=0;j<4;j++)
{
PH=~(0b00010000<<j)&0xF0;
if(PORTH == PH)
{
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
PL=~(0b00000001<<i)&0x0F;
if(PORTL == PL)
{
key=keypad[i][j];
while(PORT==PORTB);
}
}
}
}
if(key)
return(key); //Si la tecla es encontrada retorna valor segun la matriz de teclado
else
return(0x80); //Si la tecla no es encontrada retorna un caracter nulo
}
unsigned char read_keypad()
{
char read,key;
read=PORTB;
TRISB=0x0F;
PORTB=read;
key=scan_keypad();
return(key);
}